![]() ![]() Ivan started a kruzhok, or discussion group, with other seminary students to discuss previously banned books and political journals that the government had recently re-released to the public. Seminarians were allowed to read only books that agreed with Eastern Orthodox doctrine Pavlov's insatiable appetite for the written word and his budding interest in science, however, led him to sneak frequently into the Ryazan library. He was an excellent student, and the discipline he had gained from his experience at the monastery helped him to adapt easily to the rigors of academic life.īut his passion for reading and learning, along with the social changes that were sweeping Russia under the regime of Tsar Alexander II, would soon call Ivan away from a life in the priesthood. Four years later, he graduated and began studying for the priesthood at the Ryazan Theological Seminary. Ivan entered the Ryazan Theological School in 1860. Pavlov was schooled at home until the age of 11. He also discovered a love for reading that would be nurtured by his father's extensive library. Through a rigorous schedule of daily exercise, chores, and other activities, Ivan regained his health. Discouraged by his continued illness, his family sent him to recover at the nearby Saint Trinity's Monastery, which was overseen by Pavlov's godfather. He was weakened from the experience and recovered slowly. At the age of eight, Ivan suffered injuries after falling from a high fence. Pavlov's mother suffered from headaches, hair loss, and various skin conditions during his childhood her symptoms were termed a "nervous disorder." Pavlov's colleagues have speculated that her condition may have motivated Pavlov to study psychopathology, the neurological basis of neuroses and psychoses.Īs a child, Ivan enjoyed spending time outdoors he especially liked working in the family garden with his father. With religion so deeply ingrained in both the family lineage and in the culture of their native village of Ryazan, his parents expected Ivan to be one of the seventh generation of Pavlov priests. Ivan's mother, Varvara Ivanovna Pavlova, was a priest's daughter. His father, Petr Dmitrievich Pavlov, belonged to the sixth generation of Pavlov men appointed as local parish priests in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was the eldest of 10 children born into a family with deep religious roots. It is a testament to his scientific prestige that he could openly criticize the Communist government while being financially subsidized by it. Pavlov spoke out frequently against the government, despite the fact that other protesters were being arrested and killed. Because Pavlov worked and lived in the capital city of Saint Petersburg, he witnessed the changes firsthand. Throughout Pavlov's lifetime, his homeland of Russia experienced political and social upheaval. Individuals with strong and balanced excitatory and inhibitory responses were less likely to behave abnormally. Pavlov believed that all nervous activity was based on the principals of excitation and inhibition. He also believed that his conditioning experiments could help him better understand both the physiologyĪnd functioning of the brain. He reasoned that animals must adapt quickly to changes in their environment in order to stay alive. Influenced in part by British naturalist Charles Darwin, Pavlov theorized that conditioned reflexes served as a survival mechanism. He also pioneered new laboratory techniques. ![]() Pavlov conducted meticulous and extensive studies into this phenomenon. He discovered that his laboratory dogs would salivate after hearing a sound or other sensory stimulus that they had learned to associate with food, even if no food was present. Pavlov began to study conditioned reflexes after conducting research on the digestive system of dogs. In addition, his work on experimental neuroses, or behavioral and thought problems caused by conditioning techniques, explained the causes of some mental disorders and, more importantly, helped develop effective behavioral therapy methods. His theory of conditioned reflexes, or "training" individuals to respond to a neutral stimulus, laid the groundwork for behavioral psychology and associative learning theory. In a career that spanned nearly seven decades, Pavlov discovered the basic concepts behind associative learning in both animals and humans. MEDICAL-SURGICAL ACADEMY), MD, 1879 BRIEF OVERVIEWĪlthough he won the Nobel Prize for his research on the physiology of the digestive system of dogs, Ivan Pavlov left his most lasting legacy in psychology. ![]() PETERSBURG UNIVERSITY, 1875 IMPERIAL MEDICAL ACADEMY (A.K.A. RUSSIAN PHYSIOLOGIST, PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCHER ![]()
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